Applicability of Section 40(a)(ia): Provisions of section 40(a)(ia)
Income Tax Department (CBDT) has issued the clarification related to the applicability of section 40(a)(ia) through CIRCULAR No.10/DV/2013 [F.NO.279/MISC./M-61/2012-ITJ(VOL.II)] Dated 16-12-2013. Provision of section 40(a)(ia) of the Act would cover not only the amounts which are payable as on 31st March of a previous year but also amounts which are payable at any time during the year. The statutory provisions are amply clear and in the context of section 40(a)(ia) of the Act the term “payable” would include “amounts which are paid during the previous year
Section 40 of the Income Tax Act is related to the expenses which will be disallowed and start with “Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in sections 30 to 38, the following amounts shall not be deducted in computing the income chargeable under the head “Profits and gains of business or profession”.
Provisions of section 40(a)(ia): Any interest, commission or brokerage, 91[rent, royalty, fees for professional services or fees for technical services payable to a resident, or amounts payable to a contractor or sub-contractor, being resident, for carrying out any work (including supply of labour for carrying out any work), on which tax is deductible at source under Chapter XVII-B and such tax has not been deducted or, after deduction, has not been paid on or before the due date specified in sub-section (1) of section 139 :
Provided that where in respect of any such sum, tax has been deducted in any subsequent year, or has been deducted during the previous year but paid after the due date specified in sub-section (1) of section 139, such sum shall be allowed as a deduction in computing the income of the previous year in which such tax has been paid.
Explanation.—For the purposes of this sub-clause,—
(i) “commission or brokerage” shall have the same meaning as in clause (i) of the Explanation to section 194H;
(ii) “fees for technical services” shall have the same meaning as in Explanation 2 to clause (vii) of sub-section (1) of section 9;
(iii) “professional services” shall have the same meaning as in clause (a) of the Explanation to section 194J;
(iv) “work” shall have the same meaning as in Explanation III to section 194C;
(v) “rent” shall have the same meaning as in clause (i) to the Explanation to section 194-I;
(vi) “royalty” shall have the same meaning as in Explanation 2 to clause (vi) of sub-section (1) of section 9;
CIRCULAR No.10/DV/2013 [F.NO.279/MISC./M-61/2012-ITJ(VOL.II)] Dated 16-12-2013
Clarification With Regard To Applicability of Section 40(a)(ia): Provisions of section 40(a)(ia) would cover not only the amounts which are payable as on 31st March of a previous year but also amounts which are payable at any time during the year
It has been brought to the notice of the Board that there are conflicting interpretations by judicial authorities regarding the applicability of the provisions of section 40(a)(ia) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 (‘the Act’) with regard to the amount not deductible in computing the income chargeable under the head ‘Profits and gains of business or profession’.
2. Section 40(a)(ia) of the Act reads as under:
“…any interest, commission or brokerage, rent, royalty, fees for professional services or fees for technical services payable to a resident or amounts payable to a contractor or sub-contractor, being resident, for carrying out any work (including supply of labour for carrying out any work), on which tax is deductible at source under Chapter XVII-B and such tax has not been deducted or, after deduction, has not been paid on or before the due date specified in sub-section (1) of section 139…”:
3. In the case of Merilyn Shipping & Transports v. Addl. CIT – 2012 (4) TMI 290 – ITAT VISAKHAPATNAM it was held by Special Bench of ITAT, Vishakhapatnam, that the provisions of section 40(a)(ia) of the Act would apply only to the amount which remained payable at the end of the relevant financial year and could not be invoked to disallow the amount which had actually been paid during the previous year without deduction of tax at source. The order of the Special Bench has since been put under interim suspension by the Andhra Pradesh High Court.
3.1 The Hon’ble Calcutta High Court and Hon’ble Gujarat High Court in the case of Commissioner of Income-tax, Kolkata-XI v. Crescent Exports Syndicate – 2013 (5) TMI 510 – CALCUTTA HIGH COURT and Commissioner of Income-tax-IV v. Sikandarkhan N Tunvar 2013 (5) TMI 457 – GUJARAT HIGH COURT respectively, have held that section 40(a)(ia) of the Act would cover not only the amounts which are payable at the end of the previous year but also which are payable at any time during the year.
3.2 The Hon’ble High Courts have further held that the intention of the legislation was to disallow certain types of expense, subject to provisions of Chapter XVII-B which at payable at any time during the year but no tax was deducted at source or if deducted was not paid within the stipulated time. There is no such condition that amount should remain payable at the end of the year.
3.3 The Hon’ble Allahabad High Court in CIT v. Vector Shipping Service (P.) Ltd. 2013 (7) TMI 622 – ALLAHABAD HIGH COURT has affirmed the decision of the Special Bench in Merilyn Shipping that for disallowance under section 40(a)(ia) of the Act, the amount should be payable and not which has been paid during the year. However, the decisions of the Hon’ble Gujarat and Calcutta High Courts (supra) were not brought to the attention of the Hon’ble Allahabad High Court.
3.4 In the case of ACIT, Circle 4(2), Mumbai v. Rishti Stock and Shares Pvt. Ltd. in ITA No. 112/Mum/2012, Hon’ble ITAT, Mumbai in its order dated 2-8-2013 has examined the decision of the Hon’ble Allahabad High Court (supra) as regards to section 40(a)(ia) of the Act and concluded that the same was an ‘orbiter dicta’ while the decisions of the Hon’ble Gujarat and Calcutta High Court (supra) were ‘ratio decidendi’. The ITAT accordingly applied the view taken by the Hon’ble Gujarat and Calcutta High Court as ratio decidendi prevails over an orbiter dicta.
4. After careful examination of the issue, the Board is of the considered view that the provision of section 40(a)(ia) of the Act would cover not only the amounts which are payable as on 31st March of a previous year but also amounts which are payable at any time during the year. The statutory provisions are amply clear and in the context of section 40(a)(ia) of the Act the term “payable” would include “amounts which are paid during the previous year”.
5. Where any High Court decides an issue contrary to the ‘Departmental View’, the ‘Departmental View’ thereon shall not be operative in the area falling in the jurisdiction of the relevant High Court. However, the CCIT concerned should immediately bring the judgment to the notice of the CTC. The CTC shall examine the said judgment on priority to decide as to whether filing of SLP to the Supreme Court will be adequate response for the time being or some legislative amendment is called for.
6. The above clarification may be brought to the notice of all officers.
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